"Five hundred years before the Inca, the Middle Horizon period (A.D. 600-1000) was a time of sweeping cultural change in the Andes. Archaeologists have long associated this period with the expansion of the Wari (Huari) and Tiwanaku (Tiahuanaco) states in the south-central Andes and the Pacific coasts of contemporary Peru and Chile. Tenahaha and the Wari State contains a series of essays that challenge current beliefs about the Wari state and suggest a reassessment of this pivotal era in Andean history. In this collection, a picture emerges of Wari power projected across the region's rugged and formidable topography less as a conquering empire than as a source of ideas, styles, and material culture voluntarily adopted by neighboring peoples. Much of the previous fieldwork on Wari history took place in the Wari heartland and in Wari strongholds, not areas where Wari power and influence were equivocal. In Tenahaha and the Wari State, editors Justin Jennings and Willy Yepez Alvarez set out to test whether current theories of the Wari state as a cohesive empire were accurate or simply reflective of the bias inherent in studying Wari culture in its most concentrated centers. The essays in this collection examine instead life in the Cotahuasi Valley, an area into which Wari influence expanded during the Middle Horizon period. Drawing on ten years of exhaustive field work both at the ceremonial site of Tenahaha and in the surrounding valley, editors Jennings and Yepez Alvarez posit that Cotahuasinos at Tenahaha had little contact with the Wari state. Their excavations and survey in the area tell the story of a region in flux rather than of a people conquered by Wari. In a time of uncertainty, they adopted Wari ideas and culture as ways to cope with change"--

"Tenahaha and the Wari State presents new findings and interpretations that challenge existing theories of Wari state dominance during the Middle Horizon period (A.D. 600-1000) in Peru"--

Includes bibliographies and index.

1. Understanding Middle Horizon Peru / Justin Jennings and Willy Yepez Alvarez -- 2. The Cotahuasi Valley during the Middle Horizon / Justin Jennings -- 3. An Introduction to the Tenahaha Site / Willy Yepez Alvarez -- 4. Excavation in the Ceremonial/Residential Zone / Justin Jennings, Ingrid Berg, Camilia Capriata Estrada, Elina Alvarado Sanchez, Alcides Gavilan Vargas, and Irela Vallejo -- 5. Excavation in the Funerary Zone / Willy Yepez Alvarez, Corina M. Kellner, Elina Alvarado Sanchez, Luz Antonio Vargas, Camilia Capriata Estrada, Isabel Collazos, and Matthew Edwards -- 6. Middle Horizon Ceramic Styles from Tenahaha / Oscar Huaman Lopez, Willy Yepez Alvarez, and Stefanie Bautista -- 7. Chemical Characterization of Archaeological Ceramics from Cotahuasi Using Neutron Activation Analysis / Patricia Bedregal, Pablo Mendoza, Marco Ubillus, and Eduardo Montoya -- 8. Analysis of Metals from Tenahaha / Maria Ines D. Velarde, Franco Mora, and Justin Jennings -- 9. Bioarchaeological Analysis of the Tenahaha Tombs / Corina M. Kellner, Amanda Mummert, Martha Palma Malaga, Franco Mora, and Guadalupe Ochoa -- 10. Tenahaha, Wari, and Middle Horizon Peru / Justin Jennings -- Appendix: The Inca Occupation of Collota / Matthew J. Edwards.

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