The Turkana : their cosmology and the task of missions : a theoretical analysis of the Turkana's concept of life and the resulting approaches to mission among the Nilo-Hamites / by Dietmar Roller.

Typescript.

Ministry Perspective Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, Columbia Graduate School of Bible and Missions, Columbia, South Carolina, 1990.

Bibliography: leaves 207-216.

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1. Environment and History

Geography -- The Climate -- Flora and Fauna -- The Origin of the Nilo-Hamites -- The Karamajong-Cluster -- What the Turkana Know About Their Origin -- The Origin of the Ethnic Group of the Turkana -- Summary.

2. The Turkana Concept of Time

The African Concept of Time -- The Turkana and the Time -- The Day -- The Month (Elap-Month or Moon) -- The Year -- Summary.

3. The Supernatural Sphere

The Supernatural Sphere in the Turkana's Cocmology -- God, Spirits and Ancestors -- The Turkana's Image of God -- Akuj-God -- Encounter with Akuj -- Ekipe-Supereme Spirit -- Ekipe as Supernatural Power -- Ekipe the Head of Spirits -- Ngipian, the Spirits -- Several Spiritual Beings -- Ngikaram, the Ancestors -- The Period of Transition -- The Emergence of the Ngikaram -- The Ngikaram and Their Life -- The Division of the Ngikaram -- The Ngipara, the Bad Ngikaram -- The Nigikasiak, the Good Ngikaram.

4. The Intermediate Human Sphere (The Soul and the Souls)

Difficulties With the Understanding of the Concept of Souls -- The Concept of Soul -- Terms of a Dualistic Concept of Souls -- The Free Soul -- The Body Soul -- The Spiritual Double -- The Shadow -- The Concepts of Souls of Different African Peoples -- The Bantu and Their Souls: Zulu, Anyanja, Manganja, Wadjagga -- The Nilotes' Concepts of Souls: Shilluk and Dinka -- The Nilo-Hamits Concepts of Souls: Masai and Nandi -- The Turkana's Concepts of Souls -- The Etau: Life Force Within Man -- The Morphology of the Etau -- The Etau and Disease -- The Etau and Death -- The Etau: The Soul? -- Akiyar, Biological or Physical Life -- Akuan, the Body -- Ngitorube, the Spiritual Double? -- Shadow and Coolness -- The Ritual of Beating -- Summary.

5. Man Between the Powers

Offerings, the Necessity of Reconciliation -- The Meal of the Elders -- Atelot, the Only Real Offering -- Etau, the Taboo -- Magica;-Religious Ideas, Practices and Places -- East and West -- Chyme (Ngikujit) and the Smearing of the Body -- The Curse -- The Tree of Men -- The Emuron: Priest, Healer and Prophet -- The Emuron's Methods of Devination -- Help Against Witchcraft, Sorcery and Evil Magic -- The Dark Powers, the Counterforce to the Emuron -- Summary.

6. Everyday Life of the Turkana

The Social Structures -- The Inner Family -- The Division of Labor within a Home -- The Homestead of the Family -- The Extended Family -- The Neighborhood (Adakar) -- The Clan (Ateker) -- The Allied Friend (Talupainon) -- Summary.

7. From Birth to Death (A Resume)

Birth and Childhood -- Childbirth -- The Anape Ritual -- The Name (Ekiro) -- The Sponsor -- The Lokoi-Ritual -- From Infancy to Initiation -- Asapan, Initiation -- The Generation Groups and Age-Group -- The Favorite Cow -- Attaining Adulthood -- The Choice of the Partner and the Wedding -- Marriage Gift or Bride-Price? -- After the Wedding -- Polygamy -- Concubinage -- Divorce -- Disease -- Death -- Death Within the Context of Life -- Not Everyone is Buried -- Before Death -- The Beginning of the Transition -- The Transition -- Summary.

8. Mission and Culture

Changing Culture and Mission -- Inkarnation and Mission -- Cosmology and Communication -- The Extra-Real Transcendental Dimension in Western Thinkin -- The Real Transcedental Dimension Within the Kingdom of God -- The Transcendental Dimension Within the Turkana's Cosmology -- Summary -- Mission and the Renewal of the Culture -- Approaches to a Contextual Understanding of the Bible -- Sin -- Reconciliation -- Forgiveness -- Mission Amongst Pastoral Peoples -- The Incarnation of a Church -- Five Concluding Principles.

Appendix

The Life Out of Memory -- Ekaramit-Men Who Do Not Belong to Community -- Stories and Myths With Relation to the Bible?.

List of Illustrations

Kenya -- Turkanaland -- Origin of the Nilo-Hamites -- Karamjaong Cluster -- Time Concept -- Turkana Concept of Life -- Sandal Oracle -- Homestead -- Turkana Section -- Life-Circle -- Cosmology and Communication -- Western Worldview -- Worldview Kingdom of God -- Turkana Worldview -- Cosmology Differences -- Mission Model.