Beyond the pass : economy, ethnicity, and empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 / James A. Millward.

Includes bibliographies and index.

Landmarks -- The Lay of the Land -- The Historical Terrain -- High Qing Xinjiang -- The Jiayu Guan, Qing Expansion, and "China" -- Literati Dissent, Imperial Response -- Justifying Empire at Home -- Financing New Dominion -- The Kazakh Trade -- The Kazakhs and the "Tribute System," -- Planting the Frontier -- Local Sources of Revenue -- Merchant Loans and the Provisioning of the Qing Military -- Xinjiang's Silver Lifeline -- Yambus for the Maharajah? -- Two Metals, Three Currencies -- Pul-Tael Exchange Rates and Cotton Cloth -- Currency Troubles and Reform -- Official Commerce and Commercial Taxation in the Far West -- Xinjiang Military Deployment -- Tea and the Beginnings of Official Commerce in Xinjiang -- Formation of the Xinjiang Commissaries.

Beyond the Pass examines the fiscal and ethnic policies that underlay Qing imperial control over Xinjiang, a Central Asian region that now comprises the westernmost sixth of the People's Republic of China. By focusing on a region of the Qing empire beyond the borders of China proper, and by treating the empire not as a Chinese dynasty but in its broader context as an Inner Asian political entity, this innovative study fills a gap in Western-language historiography of late imperial China.

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