TY  - BOOK
AU  - Carter,Sarah
TI  - Lost harvests: Prairie Indian reserve farmers and government policy 
T2  - McGill-Queen's native and northern series,
SN  - 9780773562431
AV  - E78 .L678 1990
PY  - 1990///
CY  - Montreal [Que.
PB  - McGill-Queen's University Press
KW  - Indians of North America
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Prairie Provinces
KW  - History
KW  - Reservations
KW  - Indian reservations
KW  - Canada
KW  - Government relations
KW  - 1860-1951
KW  - Electronic Books
N1  - 2; ""Contents""; ""Illustrations""; ""Figures""; ""Preface""; ""Introduction""; ""1 Two Solitudes: Myth and Reality of the Plains Indian and Agriculture""; ""2 The ""Queen's Bounty"": Government Response to Indian Agitation for Agricultural Assistance""; ""3 The Home Farm Experiment""; ""4 Assault upon the ""Tribal"" System: Government Policy after 1885""; ""5 The Pioneer Experience: Prairie Reserve Agriculture""; ""6 Prelude to Surrender: Severalty and ""Peasant"" Farming""; ""7 Without a Leg to Stand On: Undermining Reserve Agriculture""; ""Appendices""; ""Notes""; ""Bibliography""; ""Index""; ""A""""b""; ""c""; ""d""; ""e""; ""f""; ""g""; ""h""; ""i""; ""j""; ""k""; ""l""; ""m""; ""n""; ""o""; ""p""; ""q""; ""r""; ""s""; ""t""; ""u""; ""v""; ""w""; ""y""; ""z""; 2; b
N2  - Despite repeated requests for assistance from Plains Indians, the Canadian government provided very little help between 1874 and 1885, and what little they did give proved useless. Although drought, frost, and other natural phenomena contributed to the failure of early efforts, reserve farmers were determined to create an economy based on agriculture and to become independent of government regulations and the need for assistance. Officials in Ottawa, however, attributed setbacks not to economic or climatic conditions but to the Indians' character and traditions which, they claimed, made the Indians unsuited to agriculture. In the decade following 1885 government policies made farming virtually impossible for the Plains Indians. They were expected to subsist on one or two acres and were denied access to any improvements in technology: farmers had to sow seed by hand, harvest with scythes, and thresh with flails. After the turn of the century, the government encouraged land surrenders in order to make good agricultural land available to non-Indian settlers. This destroyed any chance the Plains Indians had of making agriculture a stable economic base. Through an examination of the relevant published literature and of archival sources in Ottawa, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta, Carter provides the first in-depth study of government policy, Indian responses, and the socio-economic condition of the reserve communities on the prairies in the post-treaty era
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