TY  - BOOK
AU  - Monteith,John Lennox
AU  - Unsworth,M.H.
TI  - Principles of environmental physics: plants, animals, and the atmosphere 
SN  - 9780123869937
AV  - QH505 .P756 2013
PY  - 2013///
CY  - Burlington
PB  - Elsevier Science
KW  - Biophysics
KW  - Ecology
KW  - Physics
KW  - Electronic Books
N1  - 8.1 Interception of Radiation by Plant Canopies; 2; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface to the Fourth Edition; Preface to the Third Edition; Acknowledgments; Symbols; 1 The Scope of Environmental Physics; 2 Properties of Gases and Liquids; 2.1 Gases and Water Vapor; 2.1.1 Pressure, Volume, and Temperature; 2.1.2 The Hydrostatic Equation; 2.1.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics, and Specific Heats; 2.1.4 Latent Heat; 2.1.5 Lapse Rate; 2.1.6 Potential Temperature; 2.1.7 Water Vapor and its Specification; 2.1.7.1 Vapor Pressure; 2.1.7.2 Dew-Point Temperature; 2.1.7.3 Saturation Vapor Pressure Deficit; 2.1.7.4 Mixing Ratio; 2.1.7.5 Specific and Absolute Humidity2.1.7.6 Virtual Temperature; 2.1.7.7 Relative Humidity; 2.1.7.8 Wet-Bulb Temperature; 2.1.7.9 Summary of Methods for Specifying Water Vapor Amount; 2.1.8 Other Gases; 2.1.8.1 Specifying Trace Gas Concentrations; 2.2 Liquid; 2.2.1 Water Content and Potential; 2.2.2 Liquid-Air Interfaces; 2.3 Stable Isotopes; 2.4 Problems; 3 Transport of Heat, Mass, and Momentum; 3.1 General Transfer Equation; 3.2 Molecular Transfer Processes; 3.2.1 Momentum and Viscosity; 3.2.2 Heat and Thermal Conductivity; 3.2.3 Mass Transfer and Diffusivity; 3.3 Diffusion Coefficients; 3.3.1 Resistances to Transfer3.3.1.1 Alternative Units for Resistance and Conductance; 3.4 Diffusion of Particles (Brownian Motion); 3.5 Problems; 4 Transport of Radiant Energy; 4.1 The Origin and Nature of Radiation; 4.1.1 Absorption and Emission of Radiation; 4.1.2 Full or Black Body Radiation; 4.1.3 Wien's Law; 4.1.4 Stefan's Law; 4.1.5 Planck's Law; 4.1.6 Quantum Unit; 4.1.7 Radiative Exchange: Small Temperature Differences; 4.2 Spatial Relations; 4.2.1 Cosine Law for Emission and Absorption; 4.2.2 Reflection; 4.2.3 Radiance and Irradiance; 4.2.4 Attenuation of a Parallel Beam; 4.3 Problems5 Radiation Environment; 5.1 Solar Radiation; 5.1.1 Solar Constant; 5.1.2 Sun-Earth Geometry; 5.1.3 Spectral Quality; 5.2 Attenuation of Solar Radiation in the Atmosphere; 5.3 Solar Radiation at the Ground; 5.3.1 Direct Radiation; 5.3.2 Diffuse Radiation; 5.3.3 Angular Distribution of Diffuse Radiation; 5.3.4 Total (Global) Radiation; 5.3.4.1 Spectrum of Total Solar Radiation; 5.4 Terrestrial Radiation; 5.4.1 Terrestrial Radiation from Cloudless Skies; 5.4.2 Terrestrial Radiation from Cloudy Skies; 5.5 Net Radiation; 5.6 Problems; 6 Microclimatology of Radiation (i) Radiative Properties of Natural Materials6.1 Radiative Properties of Natural Materials; 6.1.1 Water; 6.1.1.1 Reflection; 6.1.1.2 Transmission; 6.1.2 Soils, Metals, and Glass; 6.1.3 Leaves; 6.1.4 Canopies of Vegetation; 6.1.5 Animals; 6.2 Problems; 7 Microclimatology of Radiation 0pt (ii) Radiation Interception by Solid Structures; 7.1 Geometric Principles; 7.1.1 Direct Solar Radiation; 7.1.1.1 Shape Factors; 7.1.2 Diffuse Radiation; 7.1.2.1 Shape Factors; 7.2 Problems; 8 Microclimatology of Radiation (iii) Interception by Plant Canopies and Animal Coats; 2; b
N2  - Principles of Environmental Physics: Plants, Animals, and the Atmosphere, 4e, provides a basis for understanding the complex physical interactions of plants and animals with their natural environment. It is the essential reference to provide environmental and ecological scientists and researchers with the physical principles, analytic tools, and data analysis methods they need to solve problems. This book describes the principles by which radiative energy reaches the earth's surface and reviews the latest knowledge concerning the surface radiation budget. The processes of radiation
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