TY - BOOK AU - Dickens,Charles AU - Ford,George H. AU - Monod,Sylvere AU - TI - Hard times: an authoritative text, backgrounds, sources, and contemporary reactions, criticism T2 - A Norton critical edition SN - 9780393959000 AV - PZ3 PY - 1990/// CY - New York PB - Norton N1 - 1 (pages 429.-430); Introduction: The History of Solar-Generated Electricity; John Perlin --; Solar Cells: What They Are and How They Work --; What Solar Cells Are --; Physical Characteristics --; Electrical Characteristics --; Cell Performance Ratings --; How Solar Cells Work --; The Nature of Sunlight --; Solid-State Physics --; Doping --; Junction Photovoltaic Cells --; Homojunctions --; Factors Which Influence Cell Efficiency --; Band Gap Width --; Recombination --; Reflectivity and Light Absorption --; Heterojunctions --; Schottky Barrier Junctions --; Advanced Semiconductor Devices --; How Solar Cells Are Made --; Silicon --; Metallurgical-Grade Silicon --; Semiconductor-Grade Silicon --; Growing Single Crystals --; Slicing the Crystal into Wafers --; Polishing and Etching the Wafer --; Forming the p-n Junction --; Applying the Fingers and Back Contact --; The Antireflection Coating --; Assembly into Modules --; New Production Techniques for Silicon --; Solar-Grade Silicon --; Polycrystalline Silicon --; Ribbon Growth Systems --; Amorphous Silicon --; Solar Cells and Modules --; Series and Parallel Strings --; Module Construction Techniques --; Encapsulation --; Module Failure Mechanisms --; Joints Between Cells --; Encapsulant Problems --; Shunt Diodes --; Concentrator Systems --; Two-Axis Tracking --; One-Axis Tracking --; Using Photovoltaics --; Current Cost of Solar Electricity --; Sizing the Array --; Calculating Load --; Sizing Methodology --; Installing Solar Cell Arrays --; Array Orientation --; Wiring the Array --; Combination Systems --; Inverters --; Rotary Inverters; 2 ER -