TY  - BOOK
AU  - Ladefoged,Peter
TI  - Vowels and consonants: an introduction to the sounds of languages 
SN  - 9780631214113
AV  - P221.L154.V694 2001 
PY  - 2001///
CY  - Malden, Massachusetts
PB  - Blackwell
KW  - Phonetics
N1  - 1 (pages 187.-188) and index; Sounds and languages: The sounds of language evolve ; Language and speech ; Describing speech sounds ; summary --; Pitch and loudness: Tones ; English intonation ; The vocal folds ; Loudness differences ; Summary --; Vowel contrasts : Sets of vowels in a language ; English vowels ; Summary --; The sounds of vowels : Acoustic structure of vowels ; The acoustic vowel space ; Sound spectrograms ; Summary --; Charting Vowels : Formants one and two ; Comparing English vowels ; Formant three ; Summary --; The sounds of consonants : Consonant contrasts ; Stop consonants ; Approximants ; Nasals ; Fricatives ; Summary --; Acoustic components of speech : The principal acoustic components ; Synthesiaing speech ; Summary --; Talking computers : How writing must be pronounced ; Words and sounds in sentences ; Synthesizing sounds from a phonetic transcription ; Summary; Listening computers: Identifying sounds ; The basis of computer speech recognition ; Special context speech recognizers ; Recognizing running speech ; Different accents and different voices ; More for the computationally curious ; Summary --; Making English consonants : Acoustics and articulations ; The vocal organs ; Places and manners of articulation ; Describing consonants ; Summary --; Making English vowels : movements of the tongue and lips for vowels ; Muscles Controlling the tongue and lips ; Traditional descriptions of vowels ; Summary --; Actions of the Larynx : Voiced and voiceless sounds ; Voicing and aspiration ; Glottal stops ; Breathy voice ; Creaky voice ; Further differences in vocal fold vibrations ; Ejectives ; Implosives ; Recording data on Larynx actions ; Summary; Consonants around the world: Phonetic fieldwork ; well-known consonants ; More places of articulation ; More manners of articulation ; Clicks ; Summary --; vowels around the world : Types of Vowels ; Lip rounding ; Nasalized vowels ; Voice quality ; Summary --; Putting vowels and consonants together : The speed of speech ; The alphabet ; Slips of the tongue and the ear ; The international phonetic alphabet ; Contrasting sounds ; Features that matter within a language ; summary; 2
ER  -