TY  - BOOK
AU  - Piccolino,Marco
AU  - Bresadola,Marco
TI  - Shocking frogs: Galvani, Volta, and the electric origins of neuroscience 
SN  - 9780199782215
AV  - QP341 .S563 2013
PY  - 2013///
CY  - Oxford
PB  - Oxford University Press
KW  - Electrophysiology
KW  - History
KW  - Electronic Books
N1  - 2; Machine generated contents note: --; Foreword --; Authors' preface to the Italian edition --; Authors' preface to the English edition --; Acknowledgments --; 1. Galvani, Volta and the forgotten electrophysiology --; 2. "Truth and usefulness": medicine and natural philosophy in the eighteenth century --; 2.1 Galvani's education in Bologna: the University, the Institute of Sciences, and the hospitals --; 2.2. Galvani's professional career --; 2.3 Galvani's early anatomo-physiological investigation --; 3. Animal spirits, vital forces, and electricity: nervous conduction and muscular motion in the eighteenth century --; 3.1 The debate on Hallerian irritability --; 3.2 The study of electricity in the eighteenth century --; 3.3. "Artificial" electricity, "natural" electricity and their role in the human body --; 3.4. Electric fish --; 4. Artificial electricity, the spark, and the nervous fluid: Galvani's early research on muscular motion --; 4.1 The beginning of electrophysiological experimentation --; 4.2. A "problematic" turn: the observation of contractions at a distance --; 4.3. Galvani's Saggio sulla forza nervea of 1782 --; 5. A "fortunate" discovery: Galvani's theory of animal electricity --; 5.1. The study of "airs" in relation to the living organism --; 5.2. The effects of atmospheric electricity on muscular motion and the discovery of metal arcs --; 5.3. The model of the muscle as an animal Leyden jar --; 5.4. The final elaboration of the theory of animal electricity --; 6. The controversy between Galvani and Volta over animal electricity: the first stage --; 6.1. Galvani's work in the scientific culture of the late eighteenth century --; 6.2 Volta's early research on animal electricity: quantification, muscular physiology, and the "special theory of contact electricity" --; 6.3. Galvani's Trattato dell'arco conduttore: the criticism against Volta and the notion of a circuit of animal electricity --; 7. The controversy between Galvani and Volta over animal electricity: the second stage --; 7.1. Volta's "general theory of contact electricity" --; 7.2. Galvani's reply to Volta's criticisms and the1797 Memorie sulla elettricità animale --; 7.3 Galvani's research on electric fish and the various forms of electricity --; 7.4 The conclusion of the Galvani-Volta controversy --; 8. The electrophysiological work of Alessandro Volta --; 8.1 Volta and life sciences --; 8.2 Volta's research on sensations --; 8.3 Sensation and muscular motion in Volta's "chain" experiments --; 8.4 Volta's research on electric fishes and the invention of the electric battery --; 9. From Galvani to Hodgkin and beyond: the central problem of electrophysiology in the last two centuries --; 9.1 Measuring animal electricity --; 9.2 Nervous conduction: propagated electric signal and the firing of a train of gun-powder --; 9.3. The involvement of animal electricity in nerve conduction demonstrated --; 10. Neuromuscular excitability: the modern explanation --; 10.1 Cell membrane and ions: a machine generating electric potentials --; 10.2. The electric mechanism of nerve conduction and muscle excitation --; 11. Concluding remarks --; Bibliography; 2; b
N2  - "Frogs, Torpedoes, and Sparks: Galvani, Volta, and Animal Electricity is an English translation of Rane, torpedini e scintille. Galvani, Volta e l'elettricità animale (Torino, Italy: Bollati-Boringhieri, 2003)"--
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