Instability in the Middle East Structural Changes and Uneven Modernisation 1950-2015.

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Includes bibliographies and index.

""Cover""; ""CONTENTS""; ""INTRODUCTION: CHRONIC INSTABILITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST""; ""Modernisation as the cause of instability in the Middle East â#x80;#x93; too slow or too fast? ""; ""Creating an alternative theoretical model: uneven modernisation and its context ""; ""A new theoretical model of modernisation in the Middle East ""; ""Four possible macro comparisons of the Middle Eastern pattern of modernisation""; ""Operationalisation of the model of uneven modernisation and sources of empirical data ""

""From the macro-level of structures to the micro-level of actors and their actions: mechanisms of destabilisation""""Methodological, terminological and personal observations""; ""POLITICAL MODERNISATION: WEAK AND AUTHORITARIAN STATES ""; ""Frozen political modernisation in an international comparison: the democratic deficit ""; ""Regional comparison: the democratic deficit of Middle Eastern regimes""; ""The second dimension of political modernisation: a weak state and a governance deficit ""; ""The character of Middle East regimes and the character of political repertoires of contention ""

""Political regimes and political repertoires: a weak authoritarian state, revolution and terrorism """"(1) The birth of political actors: mass political participation and rigid political systems ""; ""(2) The discrepancy between preferences and reality: the desire for democracy, prosperity and conservative morals""; ""(3) The discrediting of unscrupulous dictators, the invention of tradition and the moralising drive of Islam""; ""(5) The current conflict as a continuation of history ""; ""(6) The decline of secular doctrines: an ideological vacuum and Islam as an alternative ""

""(7) The chronic crisis of the legitimacy of regimes: the career of Middle Eastern ideologies """"(8) The turn to religion: official Islam and the risky strategy of regimes""; ""(9) Domesticated clerics and the decline of the traditional religious authorities ""; ""(10) Oil rent, the power pyramid and the socio-economic alienation of regimes ""; ""(11) The cultural alienation of westernised regimes: cultural decolonisation ""; ""(12) Clientelism and the alienation of the regime from the rest of the population ""; ""(13) Military clientele: co-opting of the army, polarisation of society ""

""(14) Terrorism as the continuation of politics by other means """"ECONOMIC MODERNISATION: VOLATILE AND DISTORTED ""; ""Oil rent and distorted economic development: the Dutch disease""; ""International comparison: the Middle East and other macroregions ""; ""Regional comparison of Middle Eastern countries: a two-speed region""; ""Rapid economic development as a possible factor in political destabilisation""; ""The modelâ#x80;#x99;s application to the post-colonial Arab world: oil rent versus neoliberal reforms ""; ""The international context: the food crisis and political destabilisation ""

""POPULATION EXPLOSION: THE MIDDLE EAST AND ITS ABANDONED YOUNG PEOPLE ""

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