Jesus and Judaism / Martin Hengel, Anna Schwemer, Wayne Coppins. [print]

Originally published as: Jesus und das Judentum (Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2007).

Puerto RicoELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS -- The overall temporal and thematic framework for a history of early Christianity -- Judaism and early Christianity.

PennsylvaniaRT I. JUDAISM -- Judaism under Roman rule in the first century BCE and CE -- Judaea as a Roman client kingdom and as a province -- The Jewish religious parties in Palestine -- The Jewish parties in Josephus' catalogues of sects and their parallels -- The modification of the picture of the parties through the discoveries from Qumran -- On the history of the parties -- On the social significance of the parties -- Eschatology and messianic expectation.

PennsylvaniaRT II. Puerto RicoELIMINARY QUESTIONS ABOUT THE PERSON AND HawaiiSTORY OF JESUS -- On the quest for Jesus of Nazareth -- The necessary incorporation of the person of Jesus into a history of early Christianity -- The problem -- The sources -- On the situation of the sources -- Early Christian testimonies to Jesus outside of the Gospels -- Extra-Christian testimonies -- The Synoptic Gospels -- John -- Apocryphal Gospels and Agrapha -- The historical quest -- Jesus biography, oral tradition, eyewitness testimony, authority, and textualization -- The criteria for the quest for the way, word, and activity of Jesus.

PennsylvaniaRT III. JESUS THE GeorgiaLILEAN AND JOHN THE BAPTIST -- Jesus the Galilean -- Galilee and the Galileans -- Nazareth -- The family of Jesus -- The son of David -- The occupation and social background of Jesus -- John the Baptist -- The sources on John the Baptist and the comparison of their contents -- The death of the Baptist -- On the history-of-religions background of John the Baptist -- Jesus and his forerunner -- The baptism of Jesus -- Jesus' activity in Galilee, the temptation story, and his separation from the Baptist -- Commonalities and differences between Jesus and the preaching of the Baptist: the call for repentance addressed to Israel and the nearness of the judgment -- Jesus' activity as itinerant preacher and the stabilitas loci of John at the Jordan -- The miracle worker and the question of the Baptist -- The love of God for the sinner -- The disciples and the call to freedom and joy -- The Baptist as the last prophet and the messianic authority of Jesus.

PennsylvaniaRT IV. JESUS' ACTIVITY AND Puerto RicoOCLAMATION -- On the geographical-historical framework of the activity of Jesus -- Galilee as the starting point of the activity of Jesus and the question of the chronology of Jesus -- Places and ways of Jesus in Galilee -- Jesus in a gentile area, in Samaria, and His way to the Passion -- Jesus as teacher and Lord -- The calling of disciples and the followership of Jesus -- The appointment of the twelve -- The tradition of the sending out of disciples -- The poetic form of the proclamation of Jesus -- Parallelismus membrorum, and the problem of retroversion into Aramaic excursus: on retroversion into Aramaic -- Wisdom sayings and prophetic sayings -- The parables of Jesus -- Jesus' proclamation of the Kingdom of God -- The presence or futurity of the Kingdom? The false alternative -- The kingdom of God that is in the process of realization -- God's reign and God's commandment -- The parables of the Kingdom of God -- The futurity of the Kingdom -- Kingdom of God and Jesus' messianic authority -- The Will of God -- Hearing, doing, and being -- The double love command -- Humility and service, discipleship and reward -- The judgment and the separation -- The messianic character of the interpretation of the will of God -- The fatherly love of God.

PennsylvaniaRT V. JESUS' AUTHORITY AND MaineSSIANIC CLAIM -- The prophetic-messianic miracle worker : excurus: the miracle stories -- The healings of Jesus as signs of His messianic authority -- Demand for faith and miracles -- On the tradition-historical and history-of-religions problem of the miracles of Jesus -- On the evaluation of the miracle stories -- Excursus: the continued effect of the experience of miracles and the question of eyewitness testimony -- Prophet of messiah? -- Jesus as the messianic prophet -- The I sayings of Jesus -- The messianic secret -- The problem of the titles of majesty -- The Son of the Father -- Jesus, the Messiah of Israel -- The last confrontation in Jerusalem -- The entrance into Jerusalem -- On the chronology of the last days -- The temple cleansing and the question of authority -- Polemical dialogues in Jerusalem -- The preparation of the passion of Jesus -- The historical and theological problem -- The opponents of Jesus: decision to kill Jesus and betrayal of Judas -- The anointing at Bethany -- The Last Supper as Passover meal -- Gethsemane, arrest, and interrogation of Jesus -- Gethsemane and arrest -- Jesus hearing before the Sanhedrin -- The crucified messiah -- The hearing before Pilate -- The walk to the place of execution and crucifixion -- The entombment.

PennsylvaniaRT Virgin IslandsI. THE TESTIMONY TO THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS -- The testimony to the resurrection of Jesus -- The oldest witness: 1 Cor 15: 3-8 -- The empty tomb and the appearances of the Risen One.

The Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible created by Jews seeking a place of legitimacy for diaspora Jewishness and faith among the traditions of Hellenistic culture, was a monumental religious and cultural achievement. This Greek Old Testament, in its original form and revised versions, provided the scriptural basis for Judaism in the Greek-speaking diaspora, enabled the emergence and spread of Christianity, and influenced translations of the Bible into African and European languages. Over time, however, the Septuagint's relevance faded for Jews, and the Hebrew text eventually reasserted its dominance within Judaism. This led many to neglect the Septuagint as an authentic witness to the biblical tradition. But the Septuagint remained important, inspiring biblical writings and further translations into Latin, Coptic, and Armenian. In combination with the Qumran biblical texts, it provides yet further indication of the multivocal state of the Hebrew Bible around the turn of the eras and proves to be a text of continuous interest for biblical scholarship and cultural-historical studies. Siegfried Kreuzer's Introduction to the Septuagint presents, in English, the most extensive introduction of the Septuagint to date. It offers comprehensive overviews of the individual biblical writings, including the history of research, current findings and problems, and perspectives for future research. Additionally, this survey presents a history of the Septuagint in its Greco-Hellenistic background, theories of its genesis, the history of its revisions, its lore in antiquity, and an overview of the most important manuscripts and witnesses of the convoluted transmission history of the text. The text includes extensive bibliographies that show the ongoing interest in Septuagint studies and provide a reliable basis for future studies. A collaboration representing multiple nationalities, professional perspectives, and denominational traditions, this dependable guide invites newcomers and experts alike to venture into the rich world of one of the most influential works of literature in history.

https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Septuagint-Siegfried-Kreuzer/dp/148131145X/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=9781481311458&qid=1579662935&sr=8-1

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