Exclusions : practicing prejudice in French law and medicine, 1920-1945 /
Fette, Julie, 1967-
Exclusions : practicing prejudice in French law and medicine, 1920-1945 / Julie Fette. - Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press, (c)2012. - 1 online resource (xi, 314 pages)
Includes bibliographies and index.
Introduction -- The nineteenth-century origins of exclusion in the professions -- Defense of the corps : the medical mobilization against foreigners and naturalized citizens -- The art of medicine : access and status -- The barrier of the law bar -- Citizens into lawyers : extra assimilation required -- Lawyers during Vichy Regime : exclusion in the law -- L'ordre des médecins : corporatist debut and anti-Semitic climax -- Conclusion : postwar continuities and the rupture of public apology.
In the 1930s, the French Third Republic banned naturalized citizens from careers in law and medicine for up to ten years after they had obtained French nationality. In 1940, the Vichy regime permanently expelled all lawyers and doctors born of foreign fathers and imposed a 2 percent "a on Jews in both professions. On the basis of extensive archival research, Julie Fette shows in Exclusions that doctors and lawyers themselves, despite their claims to embody republican virtues, persuaded the French state to enact this exclusionary legislation. At the crossroads of knowledge and power, lawyers and doctors had long been dominant forces in French society: they ran hospitals and courts, doubled as university professors, held posts in parliament and government, and administered justice and public health for the nation. Their social and political influence was crucial in spreading xenophobic attitudes and rendering them more socially acceptable in France. Fette traces the origins of this professional protectionism to the late nineteenth century, when the democratization of higher education sparked efforts by doctors and lawyers to close ranks against women and the lower classes in addition to foreigners. The legislatively imposed delays on the right to practice law and medicine remained in force until the 1970s, and only in 1997 did French lawyers and doctors formally recognize their complicity in the anti-Semitic policies of the Vichy regime. Fette's book is a powerful contribution to the argument that French public opinion favored exclusionary measures in the last years of the Third Republic and during the Holocaust.
9780801464461 9780801463990
2021699387
Lawyers--History--France--20th century.
Physicians--History--France--20th century.
Professions--Social aspects--History--France--20th century.
Discrimination in employment--History--France--20th century.
Prejudices.
Electronic Books.
KJV172 / .E935 2012
Exclusions : practicing prejudice in French law and medicine, 1920-1945 / Julie Fette. - Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press, (c)2012. - 1 online resource (xi, 314 pages)
Includes bibliographies and index.
Introduction -- The nineteenth-century origins of exclusion in the professions -- Defense of the corps : the medical mobilization against foreigners and naturalized citizens -- The art of medicine : access and status -- The barrier of the law bar -- Citizens into lawyers : extra assimilation required -- Lawyers during Vichy Regime : exclusion in the law -- L'ordre des médecins : corporatist debut and anti-Semitic climax -- Conclusion : postwar continuities and the rupture of public apology.
In the 1930s, the French Third Republic banned naturalized citizens from careers in law and medicine for up to ten years after they had obtained French nationality. In 1940, the Vichy regime permanently expelled all lawyers and doctors born of foreign fathers and imposed a 2 percent "a on Jews in both professions. On the basis of extensive archival research, Julie Fette shows in Exclusions that doctors and lawyers themselves, despite their claims to embody republican virtues, persuaded the French state to enact this exclusionary legislation. At the crossroads of knowledge and power, lawyers and doctors had long been dominant forces in French society: they ran hospitals and courts, doubled as university professors, held posts in parliament and government, and administered justice and public health for the nation. Their social and political influence was crucial in spreading xenophobic attitudes and rendering them more socially acceptable in France. Fette traces the origins of this professional protectionism to the late nineteenth century, when the democratization of higher education sparked efforts by doctors and lawyers to close ranks against women and the lower classes in addition to foreigners. The legislatively imposed delays on the right to practice law and medicine remained in force until the 1970s, and only in 1997 did French lawyers and doctors formally recognize their complicity in the anti-Semitic policies of the Vichy regime. Fette's book is a powerful contribution to the argument that French public opinion favored exclusionary measures in the last years of the Third Republic and during the Holocaust.
9780801464461 9780801463990
2021699387
Lawyers--History--France--20th century.
Physicians--History--France--20th century.
Professions--Social aspects--History--France--20th century.
Discrimination in employment--History--France--20th century.
Prejudices.
Electronic Books.
KJV172 / .E935 2012