Natural heterocycles : extraction and biological activity / K.L. Ameta and Saksit Chanthai, editors.

Includes bibliographies and index.

NATURAL HETEROCYCLES: EXTRACTION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; NATURAL HETEROCYCLES: EXTRACTION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data; Contents; Preface; About the Editors; Contributors; Chapter 1: Annonaceous Acetogenins As a Model of Bioactive Heterocyclic Derivative Structures. Extraction and Biological Evaluation; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Extraction, Isolation and Purification of Natural ACGs; 3. Structural Elucidation of ACGs; 4. Chemical Derivation and Synthesis of ACGs; 5. Cell Membrane Target of ACGs and Their Relationship to Bioactivity.

6. ACGs as Bacterial Biofilm Promoters7. Optimization of Pah Biodegradation by Natural ACGs; 8. Natural ACGs and Their Interactions with Model Membranes of POPC; Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Indazole Motifs in Hetrocyclic Compounds: A Bio-active Component; Abstract; Abbreviations; 1. Introduction; 2. Extraction Methods of Medicinal Plants; Hot Extraction (Soxhlet) Process; 3. Chemistry of Indazoles; 4. Tautomerism of Indazoles; 5. General Importance of Indazoles; 6. Indazoles of Reverse Transcriptase (RT) Enzyme; 7. PI3K/AKT/MTORA Cascade Is an Important Cellular Signaling Pathway.

I. Medicinal Importance of Indazolesii. Drug Design; iii. Miscellaneous; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Essential Oils, Phytochemicals and Bioactivities of Piper caninum Blume; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Extraction and Analytical Methods; General Experimental Procedures; Extraction of Essential Oil; Extraction and Isolation of Phytochemicals; 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone (27); 4',5,7-Trimethoxyflavone (28); N-isobutyl-(2E,4E,14Z)-Eicosatrienamide (29); N-isobutyl-15-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2E,4E,12Z-pentadecatrien-amide (30); 5,7-Dimethoxyflavanone (31)

4'-Hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavone (32)5-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (33); 2'-Hydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxychalcone (34); Antibacterial Activity; Chemicals, Microorganisms and Culture Media; Disc Diffusion Method; Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC); Antioxidant Activity; Chemicals and Instrumentation; Free Radical Scavenging Activity (DPPH); Chemical Composition Analysis of Piper caninum Oils; Compounds of Piper caninum; Antibacterial Activity; Antioxidant Activity; Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References.

Chapter 4: Marine Based Anticancer Agents -- Apratoxin and Its AnaloguesAbstract; Introduction to Marine Drugs; Brief Introduction of Apratoxin; Synthetic Strategy for Synthesis of Apratoxin; Retrosynthesis; Conclusion; Futuristic Roadmap; References; Chapter 5: Aurone: The Versatile Natural Product Having Biological Potential; Abstract; 1. Introduction; 2. Extraction and Isolation of Aurones; Isolation from Withania Somnifera 2.; General Experimental Procedure for Extraction; Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of the Withania Somnifera; Flavonoids; Steroids and Terpenoids; Alkaloids.

Natural products in the plant kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes that have been modulated over the millennia through genetic effects. During the last few decades, research into biologically active natural heterocycles has advanced tremendously thanks to contributions from the fields of chemistry, life sciences, food science and material sciences. With the rapid developments in spectroscopic techniques and accompanying advances in high-throughput screening (HTS) techniques, it has become possible to isolate and then determine the.

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