A history of the modern Middle East / William L. Cleveland. [print]

The rise and expansion of Islam -- The development of Islamic civilization to the Fifteenth Century -- The Ottoman and Safavid Empires: A new imperial synthesis -- Forging a new synthesis: The pattern of reforms, 1789-1849 -- The Ottoman Empire and Egypt during the era of the Tanzimat -- Egypt and Iran in the late Nineteenth Century -- The response of Islamic society -- The era of the young Turks and the Iranian constitutionalists -- World War I and the end of the Ottoman order -- Authoritarian reform in Turkey and Iran -- The Arab struggle for independence: Egypt, Iraq, and Transjordan from the interwar era to 1945 -- The Arab struggle for independence: Syria, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia from the interwar era to 1945 -- The Palestine mandate and the birth of the State of Israel -- Democracy and authoritarianism: Turkey and Iran -- The Middle East in the age of Nasser: The Egyptian base -- The Middle East in the age of Nassar: The radicalization of Arab politics -- From black September to "Peace for Galilee": Egypt, Israel, Lebanon and the Palestinian National Movement -- The consolidation of authoritarian rule in Syria and Iraq: The regimes of Hafiz al-Asad and Saddam Husayn -- The Arabian Peninsula since 19 The Iranian revolution and the resurgence of Islam -- A time of disorder and renewal: 1987-1993.

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